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References: Total Energy Expenditure

Assessment of Body Composition and Total Energy Expenditure in Humans Using Stable Isotope Techniques IAEA Human Health Series No. 3;19 October 2009, 133 pp. International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria.
Provides information on the theoretical background, including safety considerations, as well as the practical application of state of the art methodologies to monitor changes in body composition and total energy expenditure, and reflects recent advances in analytical techniques.

• Doubly-labelled Water Technique to Assess Total Energy Expenditure

• The doubly-labelled water method for measuring energy expenditure. Technical recommendations for use in humans. A consensus report by the International Dietary Energy Consultancy Group (IAEA-NAHRES-4, Vienna 1990): The content of this report is still relevant and valid, although it was prepared in 1990. Only the details of the IRMS instrumentation in chapter 3 are out of date, but the principles remain the same.